A Survey of the Effects of Coriander Seed Essential Oil by Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction and Ultrasonic Waves on Control of the Growth of Salmonella Typhimurium Bacteria

The essential oils are aromatic compounds found in various organs of plants and they are called volatile or essential oil due to evaporation due to air exposure. In this study, Coriander was extracted by Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction (SFME) in three powers 450, 600 and 800 watt and ultrasonic. Then, by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, the extracted essential oil is evaluated. The highest percentage of essence is obtained by SFME method with power 600 watt. The results show that to have essential oil enriched with oxygen compound with anti-bacteria properties, SFME method with power 600 watt is suitable. One of the advantages of this method is the lack of need to high temperature and high organic solvent. Then, by the extract of this method, the anti-bacterial properties of Coriander on the growth of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria are evaluated and this bacterium is one of the important pathogenic factors in medicine and veterinarian. The results showed that Coriander seed essential oil in low concentration (30 ppm) has bacteriostatic effects. By increasing the concentration, this effect is increased as in concentration 100ppm, the essential oil has bactericidal effect. Thus, it can be said Coriander seed essential oil with anti-microbial components considerably can be used in controlling the growth of Salmonella bacteria.